How to Check Whether a TLS Connection Is Already Post-Quantum
Your browser, openssl s_client and curl can all show whether a connection negotiated X25519MLKEM768. Here's where to read the group name, what hybrid key…
Public-Key and Symmetric Cryptography: Which Half a Quantum Computer Breaks
A quantum computer running Shor's algorithm would break RSA, Diffie-Hellman and elliptic-curve cryptography. AES and SHA-2 only lose some margin to Grover's algorithm. Here's…
The Skills Quantum Sensing Work Requires
Quantum sensors are moving out of the lab, and the work that gets them there is optics, vibration isolation, and low-noise electronics. A family-by-family…
Do You Need a PhD to Work in Quantum?
For most quantum jobs advertised today, a doctorate is not the entry requirement. Here is what is: the prerequisites that actually decide whether training…
The Skills Quantum Communications Work Requires
QKD deployment work sits across photonics, network protocol engineering, cryptography, and operations. Here is what each domain asks of an engineer, and where classical…
Every Exit From the Helium-3 Shortage
Seven ways out of the helium-3 shortage, graded on what each can deliver, what blocks it today, and the specific result that would change…
The Substitution Ladder: A Better Way to Read the Quantum Supply Chain
Grade every component by how many weeks of engineering a replacement costs. Three rungs, three procurement strategies, and one order of purchase that protects…
Cryogenic Infrastructure: The First Decision in a Superconducting Build
Three cryogenic constraints set the ceiling on any superconducting quantum build: fridge lead time, the helium-3 supply chain, and the I/O wiring wall. Sequence…
How to Choose a Quantum Control System
Control electronics decide whether a qubit chip ever computes. A selection sequence for engineers: latency budget, channel count, modality shortlist, and the supply constraint…
The Quantum OS and Orchestration Layer
Two of the five software layers in a quantum system come free with your hardware choices. Three do not, and two of those three…