What Is Superposition? Amplitudes, Phase and the Bloch Sphere
Superposition means a qubit's state is described by two amplitudes. Their squares give the odds of reading 0 or 1, and what a Hadamard…
Ethereum’s Five Quantum Vulnerabilities and Who Owns Each Fix
One network, three cryptographic primitives, five layers, five different sets of owners. Ethereum as a worked example in reading a cryptographic inventory.
What a CBOM Scoping Exercise Finds Inside One Mobile Banking Payment
A payment from a phone crosses up to nine institutional boundaries. Only some of them are yours to inventory. Here is how a CBOM…
Who Wins If Silicon Spin Wins
Silicon spin qubits borrow most of their supply chain from the semiconductor industry. We work through who supplies each layer, where the chokepoints are,…
Counting the Trust Anchors in a Single Cross-Border Payment
One cross-border payment, sorted five ways. Why hop diagrams make bad inventory schemas, and what a cryptographic bill of materials should be organized around…
What Larger Keys Do to Your Network
A hybrid TLS handshake carries about 1,216 bytes where a classical one carried 32. We count the whole first flight and follow it across…
The Cryptography Inside a 5G Roaming Call
One roaming voice call crosses four trust domains and invokes symmetric, asymmetric and hash-based cryptography at every one. Here is the walkthrough, and what…